Assuring K-Coverage in the Presence of Mobility in Wireless Sensor Networks

Along with energy conservation, it has been a critical issue to maintain a desired degree of coverage in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), especially in a mobile environment. By enhancing a variant of Random Waypoint (RWP) model [1], we propose Mobility Resilient Coverage Control (MRCC) to assure K-coverage in the presence of mobility. Our basic goals are 1) to elaborate the probability of breaking K-coverage with moving-in and moving-out probabilities, and 2) to issue wake-up calls to sleeping sensors to meet user requirement of K-coverage even in the presence of mobility. Furthermore, by separating the mobility behavior into average and individual, the probability of breaking K-coverage can be precisely calculated, hence reducing the number of sensors to be awakened. Our experiments with NS2 show that MRCC with the individual probability achieves better coverage by 1.4% with 22% fewer numbers of active sensors than that of existing Coverage Configuration Protocol (CCP) [2].